Karlsruhe Astrophysical Database of Nucleosynthesis in Stars
s-process
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p-process
Available isotopes for Germanium (Z=32)
  70Ge   71Ge   72Ge   73Ge   74Ge   75Ge   76Ge
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Recommended MACS30 (Maxwellian Averaged Cross Section @ 30keV)
76Ge 77Ge




Cross sections do not include stellar enhancement factors!
History
VersionTotal MACS [mb]Partial to gs [mb]Partial to isomer [mb]
1.026.3 ± 2.2-13.7 ± 2.4
0.321.5 ± 1.8- -
0.033 ± 15*- -

(Version 0.0 corresponds to Bao et al.)
Comment
New rec. value is from MDD09 using the normalized energy dependence of endfb71/jendl40 (normalization by f=1.43). Isomeric ratio at 25 keV is 0.52 (9). Both values have been renormalized by f= 1.0785 (632 mb/586 mb) due to corrected Gold cross section from RaK88 for activations.
Last review: June 2016
List of all available values
originalrenorm.yeartypeCommentRef
21.5 ± 1.8
26.3 ± 2.22009rVdG, Act., Au:RaK88 corrected by 632/586= 1.0785; renorm. using energy dependence of endfb71MDD09
19.9
2015eTENDL-2015 using the TALYS codetendl15
17.1
2011eENDF/B-VII.1endfb71
17.1
2011eJENDL-4.0jendl40
10.2
2004eJEFF-3.1jeff31
8.4
2002eJENDL-3.3jendl33
53 ± 10
1971eAGM71
22.5
2005tMOST 2005Gor05
24.5
2002tMOST 2002Gor02
22.9
2000tNON-SMOKERRaT99
33
1981tHar81
21
1978tWFH78
Partial cross section to 77mGe:
12.7 ± 2.2
13.7 ± 2.42009rVdG, Act., Au:RaK88 corrected by 632/586= 1.0785; renorm. using energy dependence of endfb71MDD09


Original:MACS [<σ v>/vT] (mb) for kT=30 keV, based on the published cross sections except where indicated otherwise.
Renorm:MACS [<σ v>/vT] (mb) for kT=30 keV for which the reference or standard cross section was meanwhile improved.
Type: The letters and numbers in the column labelled 'type' give information on how the cross section has been obtained:
rRecalculated for kT = 30keV with the code described in Ref. 2 after renormalizing the original data to updated standard cross sections
eEvaluated value taken directly from the reference
tTheoretical value
MACS, SEF and Reaction Rates for different energies
Energy5keV8keV10keV15keV20keV25keV30keV40keV50keV60keV80keV100keV
MACS
50.4
-
29.7
27.4
27.2
26.9
26.3 ± 2.2
25.0
23.6
22.3
20.1
18.3
Xfactor1.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.000.98
SEF1.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.00
Rate
3.00
-
2.50
2.82
3.24
3.58
3.83
4.21
4.44
4.60
4.79
4.87

MACS:
Reference: MDD09,endfb71/jendl40
Procedure: 'e+t' (The MACS from kT=5 keV to 100 keV are derived from calculated cross sections, which are then normalized to experimental data, e.g. to the values at kT=25 keV obtained in activation measurements. In these cases the uncertainties should be linearly increased below 25 and above 30 keV to reach about 30% at the extreme kT values.)
Year: 2015

X-factor:
Reference: Rau12
Year: 2012

SEF (Stellar enhancement factor):
Reference: Rau09
Year: 2009
Comment:

Rate:
Reaction rate NA<σv> given in 106 cm3/mole/s, including SEF
Chart of nuclei
up
left
76Se
9.37
164 mb
77Se
7.63
418 mb
78Se
23.77
109 mb
79Se
294.99 ka
263 mb, β-
80Se
49.61
42 mb
75As
100
362 mb
76As
1.09 d
β-
77As
1.62 d
β-
78As
1.51 h
β-
79As
9.01 m
β-
74Ge
36.73
37.6 mb
75Ge
1.38 h
β-
76Ge
7.83
21.5 mb
77Ge
11.30 h
β-
78Ge
1.47 h
β-
73Ga
4.86 h
β-
74Ga
8.12 m
β-
75Ga
2.10 m
β-
76Ga
32.60 s
β-
77Ga
13.20 s
β-
72Zn
1.94 d
β-
73Zn
23.50 s
β-
74Zn
1.59 m
β-
75Zn
10.20 s
β-
76Zn
5.70 s
β-
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Style: (S, M, L, XL or Alberto)


Isotope: Germanium